SECTION 1

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

Part A

Directions: in Part A, you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

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PART B

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

Type DONE in the text box below.

Listening audio for questions 31-32

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32.

Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

Listening audio for questions 33-36.

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Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

Listening audio for questions 37-40

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Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

Listening audio for questions 41-44

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Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

Listening audio for questions 45-48

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Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

Listening audio for questions 49-50

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Type your answer in the text box below.
Example:

A, B, C, D

SECTION 2

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard written English. There are two types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type.

Structure

Directions: These questions are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Look at the following examples:

Example I

The president _____ the election by a landslide.

1. won

2. he won

3. yesterday

4. fortunately

The sentence should read, “The president won the election by a landslide.” Therefore, you should choose answer (A).

Example II

When _____ the conference?

1. the doctor attended

2. did the doctor attend

3. the doctor will attend

4. the doctor’s attendance

The sentence should read, “When did the doctor attend the conference?” Therefore, you should choose answer (B).

Please type DONE in the text box below.

Geysers have sometimes been compared to volcanoes __________ they both emit hot liquids from below Earth’s surface.

Refrigerating meats ________ the spread of bacteria.

Throughout the animal kingdom, ________ bigger than the elephant.

The fact ________ credit cards are widely available has made them a popular form of payment.

The Constitution gave the legislative branch of government ________ to pass laws.

Gas particles move_______ when the gas is hot than when it is cold.

The ordinary chair________ in countless shapes, sizes, styles, and materials.

The first school _________the state of Washington was opened at old Fort Vancouver in 1832.

Radio,___________, developed from the theories and experiments of many people.

Since the Sun illuminates half the surface of the Moon, only half the surface________ can be seen from the Earth.

Even though he did not attend school until he was twelve, Dr. Samuel C.C. Ting was____________the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1976.

The different colors of _________the different temperatures of the stars’ surfaces.

_______Oklahoma is important as a farming state, it is even more important for its rich oil deposits.

The novels of Constance Fenimore Woolson,_________, have special interest for their regional settings.

As a country develops from an agricultural to an industrial economy, the attitudes, values, structures, and functions of the family_______.

Written Expression

Directions: In these questions, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Look at the following examples.

Example I

The four string on a violin are tuned in fifths.

The sentence should read, “The four strings on a violin are tuned in fifths.” Therefore, you should choose answer (B) string.

Example II

The research for the book Roots taking Alex Haley twelve years.

The sentence should read, “The research for the book Roots took Alex Haley twelve years.” Therefore, you should choose answer (C) taking.

Please type DONE in the text box below.

The gopher (A) digs not only with the (B) claws strong of its two front feet (C) but also with its (D) overhanging front teeth.

(A) Electrical disturbances on Earth (B) are frequently caused (C) for storms (D) on the surface of the Sun.

Granville Woods is (A) credited with (B) inventing a steam boiler (C) furnaces in (D) the 1880s.

To date, (A) only a small percentage of all glass (B) manufactured in the United States (C) is recycled, but markets for recycled glass (D) that are growing steadily.

The (A) internationally famous dancer Maria Tallchief (B) demonstrate that (C) the quality of ballet in North America could equal (D) that of the ballet in Europe.

A (A) deficient of folic acid is (B) rarely a problem in humans (C) because the vitamin is present in a (D) wide variety of foods.

Early adolescence is a (A) developmental phase (B) consisting of rapid (C) changes in behavior, (D) psychological, and hormones.

(A) As two nuclei move closer together, (B) their mutual electrostatic potential energy (C) becomes (D) more large and more positive.

Although a kangaroo (A) normally uses (B) its large feet and strong legs (C) for hopping, (D) but it can also swim.

(A) The pineapple, a fruit (B) grow in tropical climates (C) throughout the world, (D) is native to parts of South America.

When a (A) severe ankle (B) injury forced (C) herself to give up reporting in 1926, Margaret Mitchell (D) began writing her novel, Gone with the Wind.

Canals are (A) artificial waterways, often constructed (B) either to transport heavy loads or to (C) delivering water (D) to cities and farms.

A ray of light passing (A) through (B) the center of a thin lens (C) keep its (D) original direction.

Anne Elizabeth McDowell is (A) best (B) remembered for a (C) weekly journal, Woman’s Advocate, (D) who she launched in January 1855.

The Earth’s atmosphere (A) functions much like a giant greenhouse, admitting sunlight (B) between outer space (C) but preventing heat from (D) escaping.

(A) Only those insects with (B) high developed, multilensed eyes (C) have good (D) color vision.

The almond tree (A) which produces the (B) oldest species of nut and is the (C) most widely grown of all (D) nut trees.

Fran Tannenbaum, a paleontology student (A) doing summer (B) fieldwork, (C) found a (D) completely seventy-five-million-year-old fossil egg near Chateau, Montana.

Approximately (A) every nineteen month Venus and the Sun reach (B) their greatest angular (C) separation in (D) the solar system.

(A) The tree porcupine is (B) found in wooded (C) areas throughout most (D) from North America.

The (A) oceans are the (B) major source of (C) the atmospheric moisture that is obtained through (D) evaporator.

(A) Of 1901 to 1914, (B) acclaimed actor Douglas Fairbanks (C) appeared on stage in a series of light (D) comedies.

Pictures (A) called glass mosaics (B) are made by setting small pieces of (C) colors glass (D) into fresh plaster.

An (A) ambassador serves as a (B) nation’s highest-ranking (C) diplomacy in (D) another country.

While (A) attempting to fly (B) hers plane around the world (C) in 1937, Amelia Earhart (D) mysteriously disappeared.

SECTION 3

READING COMPREHENSION

This section is designed to measure the ability to read and understand short passages similar in topic and style to those found in universities and colleges. Test takers read a variety of short passages on academic subjects. Each passage is followed by a number of questions about the material. To avoid creating an advantage to individuals in any one field of study, sufficient context is provided so that no subject-specific familiarity with the subject matter is required to answer the questions.

Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions about it. You are to choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Answer all questions about the information in a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.

Read the following passage.

The railroad was not the first institution to impose regularity on society, or to draw attention to the importance of precise timekeeping. For as long as merchants have set out their wares at daybreak and communal festivities have been celebrated, people have been in rough agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. The value of this tradition is today more apparent than ever. Were it not for public acceptance of a single yardstick of time, social life would be unbearably chaotic: the massive daily transfers of goods, services, and information would proceed in fits and starts; the very fabric of modern society would begin to unravel.

Example I

What is the main idea of the passage?

1. In modern society we must make more time for our neighbors.

2. The traditions of society are timeless.

3. An accepted way of measuring time is essential for the smooth functioning of society.

4. Society judges people by the times at which they conduct certain activities.

The main idea of the passage is that societies need to agree about how time is measured in order to function smoothly. Therefore, you should choose answer (C).

Example II

In line 7, the phrase ‘‘this tradition’’ refers to __________

1. the practice of starting the business day at dawn

2. friendly relations between neighbors

3. the railroad’s reliance on time schedules

4. people’s agreement on the measurement of time

The phrase ‘‘this tradition’’ refers to the preceding clause, ‘‘people have been in rough agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day.’’ Therefore, you should choose answer (D).

Please type DONE in the text box below.

Please read the passage here 

1. The passage primarily discusses the pipeline’s…

2. The word “it” in line 3 refers to the….

3. According to the second paragraph, 84 million gallons of oil can travel through the pipeline each….

4. The phrase “Resting on” in line 10 is closest in meaning to…

5. The author mentions all of the following in the third paragraph as important in determining the pipeline’s route EXCEPT the…

6. The word “undertaken” in line 19 is closest in meaning to…

7. According to the last paragraph, how many companies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline?

8. The word “particular” in line 22 is closest in meaning to…

9. According to the last paragraph, which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay?

10. Where in the passage does the author provide a term for a layer of soil that always remains frozen?

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11. The passage mainly discusses the…

12. Why does the author mention dinosaur bones in the first paragraph?

13. The word “intact” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

14. The word “trace” in line 11 is closest in meaning to…

15. According to the second paragraph, which of the following is true about deposits of amber?

16. The word “misconception” in line 17 is closest in meaning to

17. The word “them” in line 18 refers to

18. The word “Thus” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

19. The word “bury” in line 26 is closest in meaning to

20. It can be inferred from the passage that amber is most commonly used

21. Which of the following is NOT true of amber?

22. The word “it” in line 2 refers to

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23. The word “housing” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

24. It can be inferred from the passage that there was interest in designing a new type of pen because the old ones

25. The word “expire” in line 8 is closest in meaning to

26. It can be inferred that the ballpoint pen first gained popularity among

27. Which of the following statements is true of the ball in a ballpoint pen?

28. The author mentions a “suction pump” in line 15 to indicate a function of the

29. The word “which” in line 17 refers to

30. What was the purpose of the small hole mentioned in line 20?

31. Until recently one limitation of ballpoint pens was

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32. What is the main topic of the passage?

33. The word “employed” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

34. The word “efficient” in line 10 is closest in meaning to

35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of glass-plate photographs?

36. Astronomers most probably use direct photography less frequently today than in the past because

37. What is image processing?

38. The word “undetectable” in line 23 is closest in meaning to

39. Why do computer-generated images use false colors?

40. Why does the author mention “x-ray emissions” in line 25?

41. Where in the passage does the author mention a disadvantage of photography?

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42. The word “It” in line 2 refers to

43. The word “scattered” in line 4 is closest in meaning to

44. Where in the passage does the author describe a lode?

45. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

46. The word “hampered” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

47. The word “acute” in line 12 is closest in meaning to

48. According to the passage, what can be signaled by the presence of hot igneous rock?

49. What was the purpose of the Sutro Tunnel?

50. The author compares the construction of the Sutro Tunnel to the first transcontinental railroad in North America because both projects