TOEFL iBT Prediction 3

Before taking the test, read the following instructions and fill in an identification form afterward.
The test is divided into four sections: listening, structure, and reading. Each section or part of a section begins with a set of special directions that includes sample questions and answers. It is important to read these directions so you will understand exactly what you are to do before you start to work on the section or part.
Some questions may be harder than others, but try to answer them. If you are not sure of the correct answer to a question, make the best guess you can and go on to the next question. It is your advantage to answer every question, even if you have to guess.
As you are taking the practice test, work rapidly but carefully. Do not spend too much time on any single question. You can use scratch paper for taking notes in the listening section, and do not write or make any marks in the test section of your book.

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Reading Section

Directions: This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English.

Open the passage for questions number 1-2 through this LINK

According to the passage, what did researchers in the past believe about organic substances?

These substances consisted mostly of carbon compounds

Carbon-based life originated from these substances

Vitalism was the key component that led to the formation of inorganic compounds

They possessed a life-giving aspect that could not be reproduced in a lab

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2. What point does the author make about organic compounds?

They were once referred to as vital molecules

The researcher Friedrich Wohler insisted they were not a vital part of living organisms

The presence of carbon is sometimes found in these compounds

They include both organic and inorganic materials

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Open the passage for questions number 3-4 through this LINK

3. The passage above supports which of the following statements about the ancient population of Machu Picchu?

The surrounding countryside provided sustenance for thousands of residents year-round

The majority of government officials who came to Machu Picchu stayed temporarily

Most of the inhabitants consisted of servants who lived in smaller homes

Craftsmen and government officials often spent summers in Machu Picchu

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4. What point does the author make about the architecture of Machu Picchu?

The site remains well-preserved due to the highly developed infrastructure

Craftspeople from Cuzzo most likely designed the temples

The dwellings were warm in the winter due to the insulation system

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Open the passage for questions number 5-6 through this LINK

5. The word augment is closest in meaning to

Prove

Increase

Validate

Spread

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6. Which of the following is true about human anatomy?

The word “anatomy” is derived from a French root that means “cut”

The observation of soldiers’ wounds was originally used to study human anatomy

Human and animal bodies were dissected in labs to understand human anatomy

The smaller structures of the human body need to be observed with a telescope

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Open the passage for questions number 7-11 through this LINK

7. According to the paragraph, which of the following is a fact about the Solar System?

The vast majority of the system’s mass is in Jupiter

The Solar System contains mostly gas giants

The majority of the Solar System’s mass is in the Sun

The four inner system planets are substantially larger than the terrestrials

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8. According to the paragraph, which of the following is NOT true about the Solar System?

The two largest planets, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants

The four giant planets of the outer system are substantially larger than the terrestrials

The eight planets have nearly circular orbits

The Solar System is located 26,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way galaxy

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9. Which of the following can be inferred from the paragraph about the objects in the Solar System?

The objects in the Solar System are mainly composed of rock and metal

The Solar System contains a variety of objects composed of different materials

The Solar System contains only one type of planet

Most of the objects in the Solar System are composed of volatile substances

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10. The author of the paragraph implies which of the following is true about the minor planets in the outer reaches of the Solar System?

Some of these objects are not large enough to be categorized as dwarf planets

There is a known number of detached objects

There is a consensus among astronomers on the number of dwarf planets

These objects are all composed of ice and rock

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11. Why does the author mention the solar wind in the passage?

To describe the composition of major planets

To explain the creation of the heliosphere

To describe the different types of objects in the Solar System

To explain the location of the Solar System in the Milky Way galaxy

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Open the passage for questions number 12-16 through this LINK

12. The word “phenotype” in the passage is closest in meaning to

The heritable traits of a population over generations

The characteristics of the organism

The environment of a genome

The random mutations of the genome of an individual organism

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13. The phrase “microevolution” in the passage is closest in meaning to

The emergence of new species

The evolution of a population

The specialization of populations for particular ecological niches

The process of natural selection

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14. Which of the following sentences best expresses the essential information in the following sentence? “Because individuals with certain variants of the trait tend to survive and reproduce more than individuals with other less successful variants, the population evolves.”

Some individuals have better survival and reproduction rates than other, causing population evolution

The population evolves due to the survival and reproduction of individuals with specific traits

Evolution occurs when traits are passed down through generations

Traits that increase survival and reproduction are passed down, leading to population evolution

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15. Look at the four letters—(A), (B), (C), and (D)—that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage. “The book explained the concept of natural selection in detail.” Where would the sentence best fit?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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16. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. “Natural selection, a key mechanism of evolution, refers to the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype, as a result of the interaction between their genomes and environment.”

Natural selection results from the interaction between the genome and environment of an individual organism

Charles Darwin popularized the term “natural selection” and described it as a process that is not intentional, unlike artificial selection

The genetic basis of any phenotype that gives it a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population over time, leading to the evolution of populations and possibly speciation

Natural selection only occurs in plants, not animals

Artificial selection is the same as natural selection, but with the intention of humans

The process of natural selection is caused by random genetic drift

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Open the passage for questions number 17-21 through this LINK

17. In paragraph 2, the author mentions the libraries at Antioch and Alexandria in order to

Provide evidence that the library was a cultural institution in the East before it spread to the West

Explain why it was important for Greek to become the great international language

Identify two of the sources of Greek cultural influence within Alexander’s empire

Support the claim that the Greeks transformed Middle Eastern garrisons into cultural centers

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18. According to paragraph 4, Alexander’s empire was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Decreased need for military control

Growing professionalism

Growth of cities

Specialization in trades

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19. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3? “The focus of life was the agora, the open marketplace where assemblies could be held and where issues of the day, as well as more fundamental topics such as the purpose of government or the relationship between law and freedom, could be discussed and decisions could be made by individuals in person.”

Assemblies were held in the agora to discuss some issues of the day, but more fundamental questions were decided by key individuals

In a culture where philosophical discussions were frequent, some individuals questioned the value of a life focused on the marketplace

Life centered around the agora, an open marketplace and a site for public debate, where individuals could participate in decision-making

The focus of individuals was on fundamental topics such as the purpose of government and the connection between law and freedom

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Look at the four letters—(A), (B), (C), and (D)—that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? “Likewise, the collective decision-making process of the open marketplace was no longer practical.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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21. Complete the summary by selecting THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. “Alexander the Great’s creation of a vast empire had important consequences for Greece and the conquered areas of southwest Asia.”

Scholars from Antioch, Alexandria, and other Middle Eastern cultural centers came to Greece to study the Greek language and culture

Increasing urbanization and the elimination of trade barriers meant the end of the Greek city-state and the creation of a much larger political and economic body

The professionalism and specialization so prized by the ancient Greeks were replaced by a more generalized philosophy of education in the empire

The expansion of Alexander’s empire brought about the diffusion of Greek language, literature, and thought throughout the Middle East

The empire saw the birth of a new culture, merging Greek philosophical ideas with the religious spirit of Asia

Religion played an important part in the expansion of the empire, as Alexander introduced Zeus and the other Greek gods to Asia

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Open the passage for questions number 22-26 through this LINK

22. Why does the author mention a “telescope” as part of the discussion of microscopes?

To show how microscopes and telescopes are different

To emphasize the importance of magnification in all optical devices

To explain how the development of the microscope depended on the invention of the telescope

To illustrate the concept of resolving power

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23. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 2? “The light microscope cannot resolve detail finer than 0.20 micrometers, about the size of the smallest bacterium; consequently, no matter how many times its image of such a bacterium is magnified, the light microscope cannot show the details of the cell’s internal structure.”

A light microscope has the power to greatly magnify a bacterium that is smaller than 0.2 micrometers

As a light microscope can only resolve objects 0.2 micrometers or larger, it cannot be helpful in exploring the internal structure of a cell

The smallest bacterium has a complex internal structure that can be seen with a light microscope

The greater the magnifying power of a light microscope is, the greater its capability to resolve the internal structure of a cell is

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24. The word “emits” in the passage is closest in meaning to

Transfers

Excites

Sends out

Speeds up

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25. According to paragraphs 5 and 6, the transmission electron microscope is different from the scanning electron microscope in all of the following ways EXCEPT

Specimens viewed by transmission electron microscopes are divided into cross sections

The transmission electron microscope uses electromagnets as lenses

The transmission electron microscope passes an electron beam through a specimen

The transmission electron microscope focuses on the inner structure of a cell

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26. From the seven answer choices provided below, select the three phrases that correctly characterize light microscopes and the two phrases that correctly characterize electron microscopes.

Example: A-D/B-C-E

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Open the passage for questions number 27-31 through this LINK

27. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the Late Cretaceous climate?

Summers were very warm and winters were very cold

Shallow seas on the continents caused frequent temperature changes

The climate was very similar to today’s climate

The climate did not change dramatically from season to season

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28. Why does the author mention the survival od “snakes, lizard, turtles, and crocodiles” in paragraph 3?

To argue that dinosaurs may have become extinct because they were not cold-blooded animals

To question the adequacy of the hypothesis that climatic change related to sea levels caused the extinction of the dinosaurs

To present examples of animals that could maintain a livable body temperature more easily than dinosaurs

To support a hypothesis that these animals were not as sensitive to climate changes in the Cretaceous period as they are today

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29. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true of changes in climate before the Cretaceous period and the effect of these changes on dinosaurs?

Climate changes associated with the movement of seaways before the Cretaceous period did not cause dinosaurs to become extinct

Changes in climate before the Cretaceous period caused severe fluctuation in sea level, resulting in the extinction of the dinosaurs

Frequent changes in climate before the Cretaceous period made dinosaurs better able to maintain a livable body temperature

Before the Cretaceous period there were few changes in climate, and dinosaurs flourished

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30. In paragraph 4, all of the following questions are answered EXCEPT

Why is there a layer of clay between the rocks of the Cretaceous and Cenozoic?

Why were scientists interested in determining how long it took to deposit the layer of clay at the end of the Cretaceous?

What was the effect of the surprising observation scientists made?

Why did scientists want more information about the dinosaur extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous?

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31. Paragraph 5 implies that a special explanation of the Ir in the boundary clay is needed because

The Ir in the microscopic meteorites reaching Earth during the Cretaceous period would have been incorporated into Earth’s core

The Ir boundary clay was deposited much more than a million years ago

The concentration of Ir in the boundary clay is higher than in microscopic meteorites

the amount of Ir in the boundary clay is too great to have come from microscopic meteorites during the time the boundary clay was deposited

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Open the passage for questions number 32–36 through this LINK

32. According to paragraph 2, why have larger mesh sizes not provided a practical solution to bycatch in shrimp fishing?

Larger openings increase the risk that nets will get tangled or damaged as they are being hauled over the sides of the vessel

Openings large enough to prevent the capture of juvenile and other undesirable fish would also release the shrimp

Large mesh sizes are more likely to result in fish getting stuck partway through, causing more deaths within the catch

When nets grow full, they still trap fish that cannot reach the mesh openings

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33. According to paragraph 4, how does bycatch sometimes benefit sport fish, seabird, crab, and even shrimp populations?

The discarded fish provide these species with a significant amount of food that would otherwise be unavailable to them

Fishing eliminates up to 40 to 60 percent of the predators of these species, most of which are caught unintentionally

These fish and other animals may be caught unintentionally in overcrowded locations and then released into more favorable environments

Many of the competitors of these species are eliminated by fishing, leaving them with access to more food and other resources

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34. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 5? “Overfishing and overdiscarding may thus contribute to a syndrome known as “fishing down of food webs,” whereby we eliminate apex (top) predators and large species while transforming the ocean into a simplified system increasingly dominated by microbes, jellyfish, ocean-bottom invertebrates, plankton, and planktivores.”

Overfishing and overdiscarding of jellyfish, ocean-bottom invertebrates, plankton, and planktivores are transforming the ocean in a process known as fishing down of food webs

Overdiscarding bycatch simplifies the food web by favoring the kinds of predators that feed on such prey as jellyfish, ocean-bottom invertebrates, and planktivores

Fishing down of food webs may occur if overfishing and bycatch disposal result in the disappearance of species at the top of the food web and the dominance of species near the bottom

Overfishing and overdiscarding is a syndrome that affects not only top predators and large species but also microbes, jellyfish, ocean-bottom invertebrates, plankton, and planktivores

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35. Paragraph 6 indicates four letters—(A), (B), (C), and (D)—where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? “Turtles were not the only marine species to benefit from new catch techniques.”

A

B

C

D

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36. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. “Many fish and other animals are unintentionally caught during commercial fishing, a problem known as bycatch.”

Bycatch occurs in both longline fishing and trawling and affects a range of species, although marine engineers have developed net devices that have lessened the problem for some species

Female fish are especially likely to become bycatch when they are near the ocean bottom spawning their eggs, which decreases the populations of commercially desirable fish such as salmon and tuna

Trawling with small mesh nets for shrimp results in large amounts of bycatch, especially of small, young, or unwanted species of fish, causing a range of problems for shrimp fishers and the ecosystem

Efforts are being made to come up with productive uses for bycatch, such as providing food for fish farms or being used in agricultural products such as animal feed and fertilizers

When bycatch is disposed of in the ocean, the extra food is eaten by predators, detrivores, and decomposers but may ultimately cause the most valuable species to decline

Much of the equipment designed to prevent bycatch has so far proven to be largely ineffective, with TEDs failing to significantly reduce the number of sea turtles captured in fishing nets

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Open the passage for questions number 37-40 through this LINK

37. The word “despondent” in the passage is closest in meaning to

Curious

Unhappy

Thoughtful

Uncertain

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38. The word “concur” in the passage is closest in meaning to

Estimate

Agree

Expect

Understand

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39. The word “rate” in the passage is closest in meaning to

Judge

Reject

Draw

Want

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40. The word “relevant” in the passage is closest in meaning to

Contradictory

Confusing

Dependent

Applicable

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Listening Section

Directions: This section measures your ability to understand conversations and lectures in English.

You should listen to each conversation and lecture only once. After each conversation or lecture, you will answer some questions about it.

You may take notes while you listen. You may use your notes to help you answer the questions. Your notes will not be scored.

Questions 1–5

What is the student’s problem?

He missed the tuition due date

He has not been paid

His bank lost his paycheck

His tuition payment got lost

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2. What happened at the payroll department?

A new computer system was installed

Information was entered into the computer system incorrectly

Some employee information got lost

Paychecks were distributed for the wrong amount

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3. What does the woman imply about the people who work in the payroll office?

They did not realize they had a problem

They are rather disorganized

They had tried to contact the man several times

They prefer to process checks manually

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4. What will the student probably need to do to get paid?

Talk to the person who hired him

Go to the payroll department

Call the director of the payroll department

Resubmit the payroll paperwork

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5. How does the student’s attitude change during the conversation?

From annoyed to appreciative

From frustrated to excited

From surprised to frustrated

From appreciative to surprised

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Questions 6 –11

6. What is the lecture mainly about?

Recent fossil evidence connecting whales and the hippopotamus

Difficulties in determining the evolutionary history of whales

Similarities among ancient ancestors of whales

Similarities between whales and other modern-day animals

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7. According to the professor, what three aspects of the Ambulocetus fossil make Ambulocetus a likely bridge between land mammals and sea mammals? Choose 3 answers.

It had an elongated skeletal structure

It strongly resembled a modern hippopotamus

It had an unusually long and thin tail for a whale

It had limbs that could have been used for walking

Its skull had ear bones characteristics of land mammals

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8. According to the professor, what does the discovery of Ambulocetus mean to researchers?

It fills a gap in the fossil evidence for whale evolution

It has become less significant since the discovery of Basilosaurus

It calls into doubt the theory that whales evolved from land mammals

It suggests that whales evolved more recently than was previously believed

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9. What evidence suggests that whales are descendants of the hippopotamus?

Similarities between hippopotamus fossils and the Ambulocetus fossil

Similarities in the genes of hippopotamuses and whales

Similarities in the habitats of modern hippopotamuses and ancient whales

Similarities in the skeletal structures of modern hippopotamuses and ancient whales

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10. What is the professor’s opinion about recent genetic studies relating to whale evolution?

They solve a long-standing mystery involving fossil evidence

They contain significant errors

They present evidence that conflicts with fossil evidence

The findings of the various studies should not have surprised researchers

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11. What does DNA evidence indicate about relationships among whales?

All modern whales descend from sperm whales

Differences among toothed whales are less significant than was previously thought

Not all toothed whales are closely related

Sperm whales are more closely related to killer whales than was previously thought

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Questions 12–17

12. What aspect of architecture in the United States is the lecture mainly about?

The differences between rural and urban styles of housing

The reasons for the popularity of a particular type of house

The various styles of houses that are popular in New England

The decorative details that are typical of houses built in New England

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13. What is mentioned in the lecture as an application of the principle that “form follows function”?

Smaller houses should have fewer rooms

A house’s design should reflect the inhabitants’ needs

The materials for a house should be selected before the house is designed

Houses in cold, harsh climates should be built with inexpensive materials

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14. Why does the woman refer to visiting her grandparents?

To explain why she is interested in residential architecture

To explain why she knows a lot about the history of Cape Cod

To explain why she is familiar with Cape Cod houses

To explain why she enjoys visiting rural New England

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15. According to the lecture, what are two features of Cape Cod houses that were influenced by climate? Choose 2 answers.

The thickness of the walls

The slope of the roofs

The number of windows

The simplicity of the exterior

The size of the chimney

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16. According to the professor, what contributed to the attitude of conformity in rural New England communities during the 1600s and 1700s?

People depended on their neighbors for their own survival

People living in rural areas often had moved there from cities

People had to live very close to their neighbors

People had limited access to information from outside their community

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17. Why does the professor say this?

To indicate that the student’s answer is wrong

To determine whether the student has prepared for the class

To point out that housing styles across the United States are very similar

To ask about students’ preferences in architectural styles

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Questions 18–22

18. What does the woman need?

A meeting with Professor Simpson

An English composition class

An appointment for tutoring

Information about the Learning Center

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19. Why does the woman say this?

She is worried that she cannot afford the service

She is trying to negotiate the cost of the sessions

She is showing particular interest in the man

She is expressing surprise about the arrangement

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20. Why is the man concerned about the woman’s attendance?

If she is absent, her grade will be lowered

He will not get a paycheck if she is absent

She has been sick a lot during the semester

Her grades need to be improved

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21. What does the man agree to do?

He will show the woman how to use the library

He will write some composition for the woman

He will talk with the woman’s English professor

He will show the woman how to improve her writing

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22. What does the man imply about the woman’s teacher?

The professor is very difficult to understand

He does not know where she came from

Her students seem to like her teaching style

He is familiar with her requirements

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Questions 23–28

23. What does this lecturer mainly discuss?

Transcendentalism

Puritanism

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Nature

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24. Why does the professor say this?

She is joking with the students

She is drawing a conclusion

She is correcting the students’ behavior

She is reasoning aloud

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25. According to the professor, what was true about the Puritans?

They stressed the essential importance of the individual

They supported the ideals of the Transcendental Club

They believed that society should be respected above persons

They thought that people should live in communes like Brook Farm

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26. Why did the church oppose the Transcendental movement?

The authority of the church would be challenged by a code of personal ethics

The leaders of the Transcendentalists were not as well educated as the clergy

Church members were competing with Transcendentalists for teaching positions

Professors at Harvard College convinced the church to support their position

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27. Why did the professor mention Walden?

It is probably well-known to many of the students in the class

It is considered an excellent example of Transcendental literature

It is required reading for the course that she is teaching

It is her personal favorite of nineteenth-century essays

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28. According to the professor, what was the most lasting contribution of Transcendentalism?

Educational reorganization

Religious reformation

Experimental communities

Political changes

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Questions 29–34

29. What is the main idea of the lecture?

The history of cold fusion

The difficulties in reproducing cold fusion experiments

The process of nuclear fusion

An overview of cold fusion and its potential implications

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30. What does the professor suggest as a possible reason for varying results in cold fusion experiments?

Inadequate funding

Lack of collaboration

Presence of impurities or imperfections

Insufficient technology

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31. According to the professor, what is a significant obstacle in advancing the field of cold fusion?

Limited experimental data

Lack of a widely accepted theory explaining the mechanism

Insufficient funding for research

Difficulty in scaling up the process

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32. According to the lecture, what is one possible explanation for the difficulty in reproducing cold fusion results?

Lack of funding

Inadequate technology

Presence of impurities or imperfections

Insufficient understanding of nuclear reactions

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33. Why does the professor discuss low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR)?

To emphasize their importance in cold fusion research

To explain the difference between LENR and traditional fusion

To argue for increased funding for LENR research

To provide evidence supporting the existence of cold fusion

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34. Why does the professor say that scientists continue to explore cold fusion?

Because of the potential for clean and practically limitless energy

To prove the mainstream scientific community wrong

To demonstrate the persistence of the scientific community

In order to create new technology for energy production

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Questions 35–40

35. What is the main idea of the lecture?

The ecological roles of fungi

Fungi in human society

The science of fungi and their impact

Applications of fungi in medicine

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36. What is the professor’s attitude towards the role of fungi in nutrient recycling?

Skeptical

Indifferent

Appreciative

Concerned

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37. Why does the professor mention Penicillin in the lecture?

To emphasize the role of fungi in medicine

To explain the process of decomposition

To discuss the discovery of antibiotics

To illustrate the versatility of fungal applications

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38. Which of the following are true according to the lecture? Choose 3 answers.

Fungi are heterotrophic

Fungi can only decompose dead organic material

Fungi has potential applications in biofuel production

Fungi belong to the plant kingdom

Some fungi can cause opportunistic infections in humans

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39. What does the professor imply when discussing myco-materials?

They can completely replace plastics

They have potential to reduce environmental impact

They are already widely used

They are more expensive than plastics

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40. based on the lecture, which of the following is NOT a part of the science of fungi?

Decomposition

Symbiosis

Photosynthesis

Myco-materials

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Speaking Section

Directions: This section measures your ability to speak in English about a variety of topics.

1. You will now be asked to speak about a familiar topic.

Preparation time: 15 seconds
Response time: 45 seconds

Please use Online Voice Recorder to record your answer. Then, upload it to our Google Drive folder and name it. Write ‘DONE’ in the box below!

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2. You will now read a short passage and listen to a conversation on the same topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, give yourself:

Preparation time: 30 seconds

Response time: 60 seconds

Please use Online Voice Recorder to record your answer. Then, upload it to our Google Drive folder and name it. Write ‘DONE’ in the box below!

History Seminars Should Be Shorter

Currently, all of the seminar classes in the history department are three hours long. I would like to propose that history seminars be shortened to two hours. I make this proposal for two reasons. First, most students just cannot concentrate for three hours straight. I myself have taken these three-hour seminars and found them tiring and sometimes boring. Also, when a seminar lasts that long, people stop concentrating and stop learning, so the third hour of a three-hour seminar is a waste of everyone’s time. Two-hour seminars would be much more efficient.

Sincerely,

Tim Lawson

“The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal described in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state her opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.”

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3. You will now listen to part of a conversation. You will then be asked a question about it.

Preparation time: 20 seconds

Response time: 60 seconds

Please use Online Voice Recorder to record your answer. Then, upload it to our Google Drive folder and name it. Write ‘DONE’ in the box below!

“Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which solution you would recommend. Explain the reasons for your recommendation.”

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4. You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it.

Preparation time: 20 seconds

Response time: 60 seconds

Please use Online Voice Recorder to record your answer. Then, upload it to our Google Drive folder and name it. Write ‘DONE’ in the box below!

“Using points from the lecture, explain how the passion plant and the potato plant defend themselves from insects.”

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Writing Section

Directions: This section measures your ability to use writing to communicate in an academic environment.

1. Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage at the following LINK.

You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.

“Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.”

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2. Your professor is teaching a class on marketing. Write a post responding to the professor’s question. In your response, you should:

Express and support your personal opinion
Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

Professor: Hello class! Next week we will be discussing the impact of social media influencers on consumer behavior. With the rise of social media platforms like Instagram and YouTube, we’ve seen the emergence of a new type of celebrity: the social media influencer. These influencers have large followings and can sway consumer behavior by endorsing products or services. What are your thoughts on this?

Jack: I think social media influencers have a significant impact. When young people start admiring these influencers and trust their recommendations, they are more likely to buy products or services that they endorse. However, I also think there are some concerns about the authenticity of these endorsements, as some influencers may promote products that they don’t actually use or believe in.

Emily: I’m not convinced that social media influencers have a significant impact on consumer behavior. While they may have large followings, most people are smart enough to make their own purchasing decisions based on their needs and preferences. Plus, there are so many influencers out there promoting different products that it can be hard to know who to trust.

Your score is

The average score is 0%

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